Ubuntu16.04安装Intel显卡驱动(处理Intel HD Graphics 630问题)

一般Ubuntu都默认包含了Intel显卡的驱动，如果没有，那么先确定是不是显卡太高，比如I7第7代的CPU核显在Ubuntu 16.04中是没有的，导致画面会很卡，原因是Linux 4.4内核不包含Intel HD Graphics 630驱动，解决方法只能是在Ubuntu 16.04中升级Linux内核为4.7的。

 

以下是两种解决方法：

 

一、一般Intel显卡驱动安装及升级

下载intel-graphics-update-tool进行安装，中途会出现依赖问题：

wget https://download.01.org/gfx/ubuntu/16.04/main/pool/main/i/intel-graphics-update-tool/intel-graphics-update-tool_2.0.2_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i intel-graphics-update-tool_2.0.2_amd64.deb

sudo intel-graphics-update-tool 

sudo apt-get install -f

sudo intel-graphics-update-tool 

wget $(echo"https://download".01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-GROUP-KEY-ilg) -O - | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-get update

然后运行sudo intel-graphics-update-tool会出现如下错误提示：

W:GPG error: https://download.01.org/gfx/ubuntu/16.04/main xenial InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 56A3DEF863961D39, W:The repository 'https://download.01.org/gfx/ubuntu/16.04/main xenial InRelease' is not signed., W:Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use., W:See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details., W:There is no public key available for the following key IDs:

56A3DEF863961D39  , E:Problem executing scripts APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success 'if /usr/bin/test -w /var/cache/app-info -a -e /usr/bin/appstreamcli; then appstreamcli refresh > /dev/null; fi', E:Sub-process returned an error code

解决方法是添加两个签名：

wget --no-check-certificate https://download.01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-KEY-ilg -O - | sudo apt-key add -

wget --no-check-certificate https://download.01.org/gfx/RPM-GPG-KEY-ilg-4 -O - | sudo apt-key add -

然后运行sudo intel-graphics-update-tool会出现如下错误提示：

W:https://download.01.org/gfx/ubuntu/16.04/main/dists/xenial/InRelease: Signature by key 09D6EF97BFB38E916EF060E756A3DEF863961D39 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1), E:Problem executing scripts APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success 'if /usr/bin/test -w /var/cache/app-info -a -e /usr/bin/appstreamcli; then appstreamcli refresh > /dev/null; fi', E:Sub-process returned an error code

解决方法：

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 09D6EF97BFB38E916EF060E756A3DEF863961D39

sudo apt-get update

sudo pkill -KILL appstreamcli

wget -P /tmp https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/appstream_0.9.4-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/libappstream3_0.9.4-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i /tmp/appstream_0.9.4-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb /tmp/libappstream3_0.9.4-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get update

然后运行sudo intel-graphics-update-tool会出现如下错误提示：

Error running transaction: GDBus.Error:org.debian.apt.TransactionFailed: error-dep-resolution-failed: The following packages have unmet dependencies:

libgles1-mesa: Depends: libglapi-mesa (= 12.0.6-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) but 17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 is to be installed

The following packages have unmet dependencies:

libgles1-mesa: Depends: libglapi-mesa (= 12.0.6-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) but 17.0.7-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 is to be installed

解决方法：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:paulo-miguel-dias/pkppa && sudo apt-get update

然后运行sudo intel-graphics-update-tool后基本正常安装了。

但是以上方式即使全部安装之后都不能解决Intel HD Graphics 630显卡的驱动。

 

二、解决Intel HD Graphics 630显卡驱动问题

升级Linux 4.7的内核，如下（Ubuntu 16.04升级Linux内核为4.7.0最快的方法）：

http://www.linuxdiyf.com/linux/32449.html

离线文件：

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qXW2k5A 密码: 2rj2